3S) LIE- 2nd A (5-Nov-2017) Bharghava Shyam

Name: A.N. Bharghava Shyam
Admission Number: MAE15007 (5-Nov-2017)
Topic Selected: Code-switching
Research topic: Children’s opinion on Code-switching of languages in B.M. English School, Bangalore city.

Introduction:

Dictionary Meanings:

Code: a system of words, letters, figures, or symbols used to represent others, especially for the purposes of secrecy.

Switching: Change the position, direction, focus of/on things (According to context).

Code-Switching: It is process that put back and forward between languages.

Language: Form of communication by the use of sounds (Words)

School: A place where the children receive education systematically.

City: A large and densely populated area; It may include several independent groups, and also inhabited by people from a diverse range of cultural backgrounds. The city might be cosmopolitan or metropolitan.

Code-switching is the changing of language/dialect according to the situation, availability, based on identity, fluency, comfort, etc. this code switching may happens,  consciously or sub-consciously to humans. These all happens in socio-political plane of humans. I am interested in doing with code-switching of language than dialect. I want to do research on code-switching between Regional languages and Mother Tongue

Rationale:

Language is very important in society and also to make society (By following/taking literature also), I feel they are many benefits of learning and using different languages (code-switching), I am very interested in this code switching of language topic, because language is also one of the medium to make people unite, it also helps us in knowing diversified conditions of people and their problems. If I change my language to interact with them in mother tongue they feel happy & I will also feel happy.

I am interested in knowing their opinions on code-switching of languages in the context of higher school students. (Higher school students they are more comfort in bilinguals).

Conceptual Frame work:

Children get exposure to language in family by that they learn mother tongue language, in school they get exposure to another language by that they can learn another language. Language and cognitive development are closely related to each other.

Sometimes some people, along with family will move from one place to another place for livelihood. Rayalaseema region is very much near to the Bangalore, This region is somewhat drought area, because of this people will migrate from this region to Bangalore the capital of Karnataka state. Like this in Tamil Nadu north western part also some people are migrating to Bangalore only.

There is some similarities in Telugu and Kannada languages. Because of this some people are migrating to Bangalore, and joining their children in Bangalore schools. This is open secret in my place. In my practicum school also some Telugu people (teachers & students) is there along with Tamil, Malayalam & Hindi.

Literature review:

Humans will learn/acquire language without exception, human intervene/effort is very minimal in making the child to learn knowledge. If child will get well exposure to language/s in early years, they will learn that languages. (Keenan, 2002)

Code-switching mostly happens in bilingual or multilingual people, when choice is there in language, then they shift their language. Code-switching convey some social meaning in all bilingual communities. Code-switching happens in marked and unmarked way. In marked way we can expect languages and unmarked is opposite to this. This happens mostly with adolescents and adults, they will use this code-switching well. Code-switching helps in maintaining ethnical relationship with others. (Myers-Scotton, 2009)

Objectives of our Research

·         To know about their opinion on code-switching of languages from children & teachers (In school context).

·         To know the diversity in code-switching of languages

·         To know about uses, hurts of their code-switching in schools.

·         To know how school is treating this code-switching (Bilinguals or multilinguals) people. (To know the support/disapproval on Code-switching)

·         To know the school intervention on code-switching of language of children.

Research Questions

Broad Question

·         What are the opinion of higher school in Code-switching of languages?

Specific Questions

·         What are uses & hurts of code-switching of languages?

·         What is the school intervention on these student’s code switching?

·         What are the uses and hurts of this code-switching (Regional & Mother tongue) in school for child?

·         What are different kinds of language’s code-switching in school?

Hypothesis of our Research

·         Children will have a positive opinion on code-switching of language.

 

Research Methodology

Design of research                                                                

Our Research would be descriptive as we want to find out students career aspiration and its influence factor which take important when students set a career goal.

Research Site

I want to do this research in B.M. English School, because it was my practicum school, in this school there are so many children are there, who are bilinguals or multilinguals. I am familiar with this place. B.M. School is government aided school, fee is comparatively cheap, parents want their children a good English education, so many parents joined them here in this school.

Participants

·         Students from B.M. English school (Approx. 20) & Teachers (Approx. 7)

(Through Purposive Sampling- Maximum Variability)

Frist of all I want to know the opinions on code-switching, Students are prime tool for my research. I will select this participants by talking with teachers about bilinguals in class

For some strong evidence I will collect data from students as well as teachers.

The adolescent students have maturity, they might say the valid opinions on code-switching. In secondary schools most of the people knows regional language Kannada, because of exposure to society. I will ask teacher to know the bilinguals in classroom, then I will select the samples

Sources of data

·         I will get the data through participation & observation in classroom, interviewing students and teachers.

Data Collection:

·         Method for collecting data: Semi-Structured Interview

Tools and Techniques

·         We will do interview (Semi-Structured) with high school students and teachers and also interpretations.

Contribution and Implication

·         By this research we want to contribute a B.M schools students opinions on code switching of language.

·         What is the major factor which influence/ motivates the high school for this opinion

Ethical concerns/Issues

·         Going into personal life of students may create some ethical concerns for that we need to give assurance for them, by keeping their details confidential. And we need to talk very diplomatically

·         We are sensitive in asking questions, the question should not trouble the participant.

·         If they are not interested in answering, we have to leave that question and sometimes participant also. 

 

Appendix - A

Questionnaire for Students

• Name of the Student (SUDO Name)  :
• Age                                                                 :
• Sex                                                                  :               Male                Female                             
• Name of the School                                        :
• Grade                                                              :
• Number of members in the Family                 :
• Educational Qualification of parents              :
• Occupation of Parents                                     :

Semi- Structured Interview Questions to Students

·         What is your Mother tongue?

·         From how many years you are staying in Bangalore?

·         You know the local language?

·         How many languages you are very much familiar with? (How many languages you can speak)

·         Are you easily chat with this languages?

·         What are the reasons made you to talk other languages? 

·         In which language & how many languages you can talk with your friends, teachers and parents?

·         With your ethnical friends you can talk in different languages?

·         If you are talking other than official languages what teachers will do?

 

Appendix - B

Questionnaire for teachers

• Name of the Teacher                                       :
• Age                                                                 :
• Sex                                                                  :               Male                Female                             
• Grade  (Which s/he will teach)                       :
• Education Qualification                                  :

 

Semi Structured Questions

·         How Languages students you will see in class room?

·         Do you see any child other linguistic children taking with local language with their friends?

·         Do you think other learning/speaking languages helpful to children? Why?

·         What is your feelings when the students talk in other language in classroom?

References:

Keenan, S. E. (2002). The Development of Language and Communication. In S. E. Keenan, An Introduction to child Development.

Myers-Scotton. (2009). Language choice and code switching. In J. S. Rajend Mesthrie, Introducing Sociolinguistics (p. 527). Edinburgh University Press.